There are a series of tags that we use to organize the
body of an article.
The first tag we need to learn is the most basic tag. It
should be at the start of every page.
<html></html>
Everything goes inside these two tags. The first is
<html>. It should be the first thing on the page. The last tag should
always be </html>. The slash is the close. Every tag has that symmetry.
The next two tags divide up everything that goes within
the <html></html>. They are:
<head></head>
<body></body>
In general, nothing that appears within the head tags will
appear on the page, and everything that appears between the body tags will
appear on the page. Head is a section devoted to general information about the
page. You’ll need to know of a couple of tags that will appear within the head.
One is the <meta> tag. Know it exists,
make sure it is on every page you do like it is on the pages on the site now,
and you’ll be fine.
The stuff that goes inside the <body> tag is what
we’ll focus on.
Say we want to make a page that says “hello world.” How do
we do it?
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
Hello, World.
</body>
</html>
That’s a web page.
Say we want to make it have a particular font. We then
want to make it have a different font. So we do the following:
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<font face=”verdana”>Hello, World.</font>
</body>
</html>
Now the font changes. You can change the size of it as
well.
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<font face=”verdana” size=”2”>Hello,
World.</font>
</body>
</html>
Say we want to make the text appear in a particular place.
There are many ways to do formatting on
a web page. The simplest and most-compatible is the table. Tables consist of a
number of tags.
A table has three tags.
<table></table> is the first. It declares there is a table
present.
The other tags are <tr></tr> and
<td></td>. TR stands for table row, td stands for table data. To
create a table on a web page, the html would look like the following:
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<font face=”verdana” size=”2”>Hello,
World.</font>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
There are a number of other tags we use. <a></a>
is the anchor tag. When put around text, it makes that text link to another
site. <img></img> is the image tag, it makes a particular picture
appear on the site. Finally, the <form></form> tag allows an input
to be submitted across the internet to a particular web site.
Note – some tags do not need to be closed. The only tags
that we use that do not need to be closed are the IMG and the P tag. This is
merely convention – you can close it if you want.
Aside –the p tag – starts a new paragraph. Each paragraph
should, in general, start with a p.
Also - <br> - doesn’t need to be closed either. It’s
a line break/carriage return.
Another important tag that has an attribute we will use is
the anchor tag, or <a>
<a href=”http://www.boalt.org/CCLR/”>Our
website</a> is a hyperlink to the boalt.org website.
There’s another attribute we need to know as well – the
target attribute – this makes the new link open in its own window. It appears
as follows:
<A href=http://www.boalt.org/CCLR/
target=”_top”>
What do endnotes look like?
<a href="#_ftn9"
name="_ftnref9" title=""><sup>[9]</sup></a>
This
will be generated by the HTML filter
and by word. You don’t need to stress about it.
That’s it for the tags that we need to know. Tags can be
combined together. Something that is inside another tag has the attribute of
that tag applied to it.
For instance,
<a><img></img></a> is a
hyperlinked image. If you click on the image, it will take you somewhere else.
It is different from <a></a><img></img>.
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